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Crowdsourcing software development or software crowdsourcing is an emerging area of software engineering. It is an open call for participation in any task of software development, including documentation, design, coding and testing. These tasks are normally conducted by either members of a software enterprise or people contracted by the enterprise. But in software crowdsourcing, all the tasks can be assigned to anyone in the general public. Large online systems such as Wikipedia and Facebook create a user-friendly environment that allows massive crowds across the world to voluntarily contribute their creative web contents and mashup applications. Also, in massive multiple-player games such as Second Life, millions of users can build and maintain their own virtual artifacts and scenarios to create a 3D virtual world. These new crowdsourcing practices blur the distinguishing line between end-users and developers, and follow the basic co-creation principle that "A regular end-user becomes co-designer, co-developer, and co-maintainer." This paradigm shift from conventional software industrial mode to crowdsourcing-based peer-production mode indicates a revolutionary trend of software engineering for addressing the software crisis in ecosystems. Every artifact developed during software development can be crowdsourced including requirements, simulation, design architecture and components, code, test (test cases, scripts, execution, and analysis), and maintenance. == Goals of software crowdsourcing == Software crowdsourcing may have multiple goals.〔 Quality software: Crowdsourcing organizers need to define specific software quality goals and their evaluation criteria. Quality software often comes from competent contestants who can submit good solutions for rigorous evaluation. Rapid acquisition: Instead of waiting for software to be developed, crowdsourcing organizers may post a competition hoping that something identical or similar has been developed already. This is to reduce software acquisition time. Talent identification: A crowdsourcing organizer may be mainly interested in identifying talents as demonstrated by their performance in the competition. Cost reduction: A crowdsourcing organizer may acquire software at a low cost by paying a small fraction of development cost as the price for award may include recognition awards. Solution diversity: As teams will turn in different solutions for the same problem, the diversity in these solutions will be useful for fault-tolerant computing. Ideas creation: One goal is to get new ideas from contestants and these ideas may lead to new directions. Broadening participation: One goal is to recruit as many participants as possible to get best solution or to spread relevant knowledge. Participant education: Organizers are interested in educating participants new knowledge. One example is nonamesite.com sponsored by DARPA to teach STEM Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Fund leveraging: The goal is to stimulate other organizations to sponsor similar projects to leverage funds. Marketing: Crowdsourcing projects can be used for brand recognition among participants. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crowdsourcing software development」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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